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BETWEEN THE GENERAL AND SIMPLIFIED ORDER OF OBTAINING RUSSIAN CITIZENSHIP?
General and simplified procedures have different:
- grounds;
- conditions;
- terms of consideration of relevant applications (in general, the term for consideration of an application is up to 1 year, in a simplified procedure – up to 6 months);
- according to the general procedure – the decision is made by the President of the Russian Federation, in a simplified procedure – by the head of the territorial body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at the regional level.
There are no quotas for the acquisition of Russian citizenship.
Preemptive right to acquire citizenship of the Russian Federation on the basis of social, racial, national, linguistic or religious affiliation has not been established.
In accordance with the first part of Article 13 of the Federal Law, to obtain citizenship it is necessary to:
- have a legitimate source of livelihood;
- waive a person’s other citizenship;
- speak Russian.
Who is eligible to receive Russian citizenship through procedure?
The list of persons having such a right is specified in Article 14 of the Federal Law of May 31, 2002 No. 62-ФЗ “On Citizenship of the Russian Federation”.
The requirement for such people a period of permanent residence in Russia was lifted.
The simplified procedure is valid for persons who:
- had USSR citizenship, lived and live in the states that were part of the USSR, did not receive citizenship of these states and remain as a result of this stateless persons;
- were born on the territory of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and had the citizenship of the former USSR;
- are disabled and have a capable son or daughter who has reached the age of eighteen and who are citizens of the Russian Federation;
- have a child who is a citizen of the Russian Federation - in the event that the other parent of this child, who is a citizen of the Russian Federation, died either by a court decision that entered into legal force, was found to be missing, incapacitated or restricted in capacity, deprived of parental rights or restricted in parental rights;
- have a son or daughter who have reached the age of eighteen, who are citizens of the Russian Federation and have a court decision that has entered into legal force, which recognizes the person as incapable or with limited capacity, in case if the other parent of the mentioned citizens of the Russian Federation who is also a citizen of the Russian Federation died or by court decision is recognized as missing, incompetent or limited in capacity, deprived of parental rights or limited in parental rights;
- received after July 1, 2002 vocational education in the main professional educational programs having state accreditation in educational or scientific organizations of the Russian Federation on its territory and carry out labor activities in the Russian Federation in aggregate at least three years before the day of applying for admission to citizenship of the Russian Federation. At the same time, during the specified period, in respect of such foreign citizens and stateless persons, the employer must pay insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation;
- are individual entrepreneurs and carry out entrepreneurial activities in the Russian Federation continuously for at least three years preceding the year of applying for citizenship of the Russian Federation in the types of economic activities established by the Government of the Russian Federation. In this period, the amount of taxes and fees paid by such citizens and individuals in each calendar year in accordance with the legislation on taxes and fees (with the exception of personal property tax, land tax, transport tax, state duty and taxes and fees in the specified period of refunds of overpaid and (or) overcharged taxes and fees) and insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation is not less than 1 million rubles;
- are investors whose contribution to the authorized (share) capital of a Russian legal entity operating in the Russian Federation in the types of economic activity established by the Government of the Russian Federation is at least 10 percent continuously for at least three years preceding the year of application for admission to citizenship of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the size of the authorized (pooled) capital of such a legal entity must be at least 100 million rubles and in the specified period the amount of taxes and fees paid by such a legal entity in each calendar year in accordance with the legislation on taxes and fees (except for state tax and in accordance with the legislation on taxes and fees in the specified period, returns of amounts of overpaid and (or) excessively collected taxes and fees) and insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Fed The transaction is at least 6 million rubles;
- carry out at least three years before the day of application for admission to the citizenship of the Russian Federation a labor activity in the Russian Federation by profession (specialty, position) included in the list of professions (specialties, positions) of foreign citizens and stateless persons - qualified persons for admission to the citizenship of the Russian Federation under the simplified procedure, approved by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing and implementing state policies and regulatory and legal matters in the field of employment and unemployment. At the same time, during the specified period, in respect of such foreign citizens and stateless persons, the employer must pay insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation;
- recognized as speakers of the Russian language in accordance with article 33.1 of the Federal Law;
- veterans of the Great Patriotic War, who had the citizenship of the former USSR and reside in the territory of the Russian Federation;
- a child, one of whose parents has the citizenship of the Russian Federation;
- a child whose only parent has the citizenship of the Russian Federation;
- a child or an incapacitated person who has custody or guardianship of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
- a child placed under supervision in a Russian organization for orphans and children left without parental care;
- an incapacitated person placed under supervision in a Russian educational organization, medical organization, organization providing social services, or another Russian organization;
- participants in the State Program for Assistance to Voluntary Resettlement to the Russian Federation of Compatriots Living Abroad and Members of Their Families;
- citizens of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Belarus.